Present Status of Institutional Repositoriesof India

C S Venkatarama Reddy     &    Dr. S. SrinivasaRagavan

         

 Abstract:

               The paper highlights the status of the institutional repositories of India. In India open access movement is getting impetus in libraries to overcome the access barriers of scholarly publications. The institutional repositories were identified through a study of literature, as well as consultation of various directories like OpenDOAR, ROAR, Dspace.org, and the respective websites. Total 60 institutional repositoriesare analysed for the study, India is in 2^nd place in the Asian continent, list of Indian institutional repositories is given in table, R&D institutions having 54% of institutional repositories in India and the study shows that Dspace (65%) is the most commonly used open source software followed by Eprints(28%). And also study shows that Karnataka (23.3%) is having highest number of institutional repositories.

Book Published by me
Design, Architecture And Development of Digital Library: Greenstone Software by Venkatarama Reddy C. S. (Paperback - Dec 29, 2011)
Available on Amazon

KOHA: An Open Source Solution for Library Automation

C.S. Venkatarama Reddy
Librarian, CMR Institute of Technology
#132, AECS Layout, IT Park Road, Bangalore – 560 037
E-Mail: venkat_222002@yahoo.co.in


ABSTRACT
Many open source software applications now available for Library and Information Management, the organizations have an option to acquire and implement such kind applications. Koha is world’s first free open source Library system, comes with full catalogue, circulation, member management, serials management, acquisition and OPAC. This article describes the architecture and modules of the Koha in detail.
Keywords: Automation, Open Source, Koha, OPAC, MARC
Introduction
Libraries should adopt the new sophisticated Information Technology tools to provide accurate and instant information and to cope up with the demands of new knowledge, the enormous increase in the collection of documents, their problem of storage, dissemination and retrieval of information. The appearance of computer has greatly increased the house keeping operations of Library like Acquisitions control, Serials control, Circulation control and OPAC.
International Encyclopedia of Information Technology and Library Science defines automation as “the technology concerned with design and development of process and system that minimize the necessity of human intervention in their operation”.
Hollerith invented the punched cards in 1880 for tabulating the census data. In 1950 the Library of Congress (LC) used the unit record machine for the production of catalogues. University of Texas was used the punched cards in 1936 for circulation control and serial control. In 1942 Montclair Public Library in New Jersey used book charging machines.
Open Source Software is software whose source code is made freely available for inspection, modification and incorporation in other software, as distincts from being a closely guarded trade secret of software companies. The licenses typically specify that applications and source code are free to use, modify and distribute, so long as these modifications, uses and redistributions are similarly licensed.
In the last few years, it has entered the mainstream software market, with the widespread adoption of packages such as Linux (OS), mySQL, PHP, Perl, Python, Apache Web Server, and the Zope content management system. Its effects are beginning to be felt in the Library Automation market place as open source projects develop within the Library community.
Development of Open Source products is generally rapid and more responsive to users compared with that of commercial software. The open source system has the advantage of relatively low cost.
Open Source Software’s
v GNUTECA is free, open source software for library automation, including s loan system, catalog collaboration, MARC editing, etc.
v Museolog is a web driven software system for cataloging of museum information. It is developed by EUROCOLD & UNESCO HeritageNet Project.
v LearningAccess ILS is a full feature open source Library automation system developed for public and school libraries throughout the world. The system fully supports MARC21, Z39.50, Unicode and other standards identified by IFLA.
v Avanti Circulation System is a simple, scalable, networkable, client/sever circulation system. The product consists of circulation module, minimal OPAC, and network and user interfaces.
v PhpMyLibrary is a PHP MySQL Library automation application, it consists of cataloguing, circulation, and WebOPAC module. It has got import and export feature also. It strictly follows the USMARC standards.
v OpenBiblio is automated library system written in PHP containing OPAC, circulation, cataloguing and staff administration.
v e – Granthalaya is a library automation package developed by National Informatics centre, Bangalore. It consists of circulation, cataloguing, Acquisition, serial control, OPAC and other modules.
Koha
Koha is a full featured open source Integrated Library System (ILS) for automating Library transactions, developed initially in New Zealand by Katipo Communications Ltd and first deployed in January of 2000 for Horowhenua Library Trust, it is currently maintained by a team of software providers and library technology staff from around the globe. It has all the basic features needed to run a Library.
Ø Online Public Access Catalogue of the Library holdings
Ø Database of Library users
Ø Circulation i.e. issues & returns of Library items
Ø Reservation Facility for Library items
Ø Management of serials i.e. subscription, renewals etc
Ø Budgets management
Ø Transfers between Library Branches
Ø Other most of the related functions of the Library
Ø It uses dual database design that utilizes the strengths of the two major industry standard database types (Text & RDBMS). This ensures that it is scalable enough to meet the transaction load of any Library.
Koha supports MARC21 and UNIMARC bibliographic records. It also uses Z39.50 protocol.
Software and Hardware Requirements
Ø Operating System: Linux or Debian or Windows
Ø Web Server: Apache
Ø Database: MySQL
Ø Programming Language: Perl
Ø 1GB RAM, 80GB Hard Disc
Ø Pentium 4 or Due Core
Koha Architecture
Figure 1: Koha Architecture
Koha is built around several different architectural components working in concert. The Apache HTTPD server is the default tool supporting the heart of the Koha system. Set of Perl scripts that are the buffer between the user and the system (back end). These scripts on Apache and the web browsers that display their results are in a client/server relationship.
Server side scripts are called via the CGI extension of the Apache HTTPD server. The scripts are all written in Perl. There are modules written in Perl that will access the database (MySQL).
All HTML Pages are generated by Perl scripts. There is a standard HTML Perl module that generates the HTML pages based on HTML Perl templates.
There is a set of Perl modules for the Koha part of the system and a separate set of Perl modules for the Intranet part of the system.
Fig 3: Homepage of Koha Intranet
Koha Modules
Koha is integrated with the all most all the modules of the Library management system. In administration module there is option to generate the barcodes, import and export the BDP records, MARC Structure, Z39.50 servers and many more options. Statistics can be generated in Accounts and Reports module to see how the system will work effectively.
Fig 2: Koha Modules

Acquisitions Module
The Acquisitions module is divided into three parts
Ø Budgets and Book Records
Ø Suppliers
Ø Orders via Shopping baskets
1. Orders are submitted for approval before they are sent
2. Orders can be printed or sorted by order creator, or by book fund, then creator
Budget tracking can be done by
Ø Budget available
Ø Committed budget: When an order is placed, the corresponding funds are committed
Ø Spent Budget: When an order is delivered, spent amount
Koha manages orders in foreign currencies, secondary suppliers, partial deliveries, etc. A supplier can be deactivated but not the user.


Serials Module
Fig 4: Serials Module
It is possible to register subscriptions with reviews, and to track the arrival of periodicals. It manages late issues, skipped issues, and claims with the suppliers. It manages complex classifications, allowing the Librarian to work with eleven different publication periods (from daily newspapers to annul publication) with delayed publications, and with publications out of sequence.
Circulation Module
Koha is a ILS capable of managing Libraries divided into
Several rooms (Separate collections)
Several branches – Each item is assigned to a branch.
The circulation module allows
Borrowing a work from any branch
Returning an item
Reserving an item
Transfer of an items from one branch to another
Fig 5: Circulation Module
Cataloguing Module
Koha manages
MARC records
Tag 995
The thesaurus and authority lists
Importing records in ISO2709 format (the MARC reservoir) and through Z39.50 (client) for fast cataloguing.
The cataloguing module is one of the principal strong points of Koha. Several ‘frame works’ can be defined to do different cataloguing for monographs, electronic resources, periodicals, etc.
The MARC editor of each frame work is divided into 10 different tabs, making it possible to organize the display of the catalogue record. Each MARC tag and subfield may be presented to the user, using the explicit tag description (Tile, Personnel Name etc.). The corresponding tag number is also visible where necessary or preferable.
Fig 6: Cataloguing Module
Each MARC subfield can be affected by user constraints
Required Subfield
Repeatable subfield
Data type:
Free format: There is no constraint on the data that can be entered.
Subfield with “authorized values”. This constraint is used for the language of the document or the type of work (CDROM, Monographs, etc.).
Subfield connected to a thesaurus/authority list. A symbol (“…”) makes it possible for the cataloguer to open a new window for searching in the thesaurus. It is possible to manage an unlimited number of thesaurus/authority lists (Proper names, common nouns, collective authors, etc.).
Subfield with specific management (“pulgin”). The behavior of plugin is specified by a Library programmer. These plugins for all the 1xx fields of standard UNIMARC.
“Hidden” field: Managed and visible in the MARC editor, but invisible in the OPAC.
“URL” field: The field is a clickable link in the OPAC.
“Synonymous Semantic”: This constraint makes it possible to extend a search on this field over other fields which have the same semantic significance.
The call number can be pre-calculated
· From the Dewey Classification of the bibliographic record.
· From the Library of Congress classification.
The location of a document can be defined on three different levels:
The branch
The building / rooms
The call number
Koha accelerate fast cataloguing by
Management of a MARC record reservoir, in ISO2709 format.
A Z39.50 client that can access several Z39.50 servers.
Members Module
It is possible to manage not only individual borrowers, but also institutions, children’s, and families. It manages several addresses, telephone numbers, etc. It defines the minimum and maximum ages for members, cost of placing a reservation on an item, and rules for circulation.

Fig 7: Members Module
Librarian or Administrator can see the
Ø Overdue charges
Ø Reservations
Ø Set permission flags
Ø A note can be attached to each borrower record, which appears during circulation
Ø A note can be displayed to individual members when they log in on the OPAC.
WebOPAC Module
Koha provides a full functioned OPAC. OPAC users can carry out searches starting from ten fields (title, author, publisher, etc.). Catalogue data can be displayed in MARC format or in ISBD (International Standard Bibliographic Description) format.
OPAC users can change the language of the OPAC for themselves. This change disappears when the web browser is closed, it returns to the default language the next time browser is launched.

Fig 8: WebOPAC Module
Logged-in members of OPAC can place reservations for an items, message will appear on the circulation screen when the item is returned.
Virtual Shelves is one of the important features of Koha. Logged-in members can create one or more virtual shelves on which he/she can “arrange” items permanently.
Three types of shelves are available
Private shelf: Only the creator can view it and modify its contents.
Public shelf: Any logged in member can view it or modify it.
Free shelf: any logged in member can view it or modify it.
Biblio Basket: Logged-in members can select records from on OPAC search and retrieval them by e-mail, either in human readable form or in an ISO2709 format file. An ISO2709 file can be processed using bibliographic software like EndNote.
A Suggestion Module is available in the OPAC, interfacing with the full acquisition module. Logged in users can submit suggestions for acquisition of an item, Koha automatically inform the user (by e-mail) action taken on each suggestion. If it is accepted, the order will be placed. Once the placed order has been received, it will be informed to the user by e-mail.
Conclusion
The open source software’s has brought the revolution in the all the fields of human being and also in the field of Library science. Open source software’s given the way for the free flow of Information to the end users. Koha is one such software available for free, definitely it fulfills the requirement of any kind Library house keeping operations.
References
Koha – http://www.koha.org
Koha 2.2 Users Guide
http://www.kohadocs.org/usersguide/index.html
Koha on Windows – http://www.koha.rwjr.com/
Free & Open Source Software Portal http://www.unesco.org/cgi-bin/webworld/portal_freesoftware/cgi/page.cgi?d=1&g=Software/Digital_Library/index.shtml
Open Source Software and Libraries Bibliography, http://www.vuw.ac.nz/staff/brenda_chawner/biblio.html
Library Automation Tools http://www.smecc.org/library_automation_tools_for_you.htm

Institutional Repository at CMR Institute of Technology

ABSTRACT
Due to advent of new technologies have made it imperative for Libraries to absorb, adopt, adapt, and to provide Information Technology based services to the users. The institutions use modern communication technologies for information management and dissemination. This paper describes the experiences in using the GNU EPrints software and explains in brief the various aspects of an Institutional Repository. It is usefull web based Library and Information services of CMRIT Library.
Keywords: Institutional Repository, Open Access, EPrints, CMRIT
Introduction:
The Institutions are producing good number of research documents that are expanding the frontiers of Knowledge and scope for technological innovation. Advent of new technology have made imperative for Libraries to absorb, adopt, adapt, and to provide information technology based services to the users. Institutions use modern information and communication technologies for information management and dissemination. The Intellectual output of the Institution can be shared by others institutions. The sharing of knowledge may lead to development of Institutional Repositories. A variety of web based systems are becoming available for accepting deposit of papers. These systems make the research output of institution easier to discover, manage and preserve. They also make it possible to share information globally through compliance with a standard metadata harvesting protocol.
Institutional Repository is contemporary concept that captures and makes available as much of institutional research output as possible to the users. It is a sort of database of digital information resource accessible through Internet or Intranet. It consists of formally organized and managed collection of digital content generated by faculty, staff, and students at an institution. The Institutional repository might include electronic documents such as Research Papers, Project Reports, Patents, Thesis and Dissertations. It may also includes Lecture Notes, Conference Proceedings, Learning Objects (Study Materials, Assignments, Question Papers, Audio-Video material, Multimedia presentations, Syllabus etc.) etc.
Definition:
Rick Johnson, SPARC defined Institutional repositories as “digital collections capturing and preserving the intellectual output of a single or multi-university community”
” To self-archive is to deposit a digital document you have written in a publicly accessible website”, From ECS, U. of Southampton, research self-archiving policy
Clifford Lynch defined Institutional repositories as follows, a university-based institutional repository is a set of services that a university offers to the members of its community for the management and dissemination of digital materials created by the institution and its community members. It is most essentially an organizational commitment to the stewardship of these digital materials, including long-term preservation where appropriate, as well as organization and access or distribution.
Mark Ware (Ware, 2004) adds OAI-compliance in his Institutional repository and defined Institutional Repository is to be a web-based database (repository) of scholarly material which is institutionally defined (as opposed to a subject based repository); cumulative and perpetual (a collection of record); open and interoperable (e.g. using OAI-compliant software); and thus collects, stores and disseminates (is part of the process of scholarly communication). In addition, most would include long-term preservation of digital materials as a key function of Institutional Repositories.
Hardware Requirements
v Intel Pentium 4 Processor or Duo Core
v 512 MB RAM or more
v 20 GB Hard Disk or more
Software Requirements
An Institutional Repositories can build with technology building blocks such as
v Linux or Fedora Core or Windows
v Webserver such as Apache Tomcat or IIS
v Databases such as MySQL, DB2, Oracle, Postgres SQL Server
v Tools like Word, Pdf, Latex, Power Point etc.
v Institutional Repository Software (EPrints, DSpace, Fedora etc)
Software Packages for Institutional Repositories:
There are good number of software packages is available for Institutional Repositories and they are available in several different licensing and distribution models.

v Commercial Software’s
These are available for the Purchase, this software’s can be customized but the source code will be available with vendor. Few of the commercial software’s are
1. CONTENTdm: It is Digital collection management software by Dimema., Inc.
v Open Source Software’s
It can be downloaded for free and these are open source standards. We can customize the source code and can be redistributed. They are
Archimeda: Developed at Laval University Library
CDSWare (CERN Document Server Software) developed by CERN, European organizations for Nuclear Research.
DSpace: Developed by MIT Library and HP Labs.
Fedora (Flexible Extensible Digital Object Repository): Developed by University of Virginia and Cornell University.
Greenstone (GSDL): Developed by Newzeland Digital Library project at the University of Waikato.
GNU EPrints: Developed by University of Southampton.
MyCoRe: It is developed by MILESS Project of the University of Essen. It is a core bundle of software tools to support Digital Libraries and archiving solutions.
v Service Model Software’s
Software vendor owns and distributes a software platform, and also hosts and manages the data of repository. They are
bepress: Developed by the Berkley Electronic press, it builds and hosts their customer repositories.
Open Repository: Service Model software offered from Biomed Central.
GNU EPrints@CMRIT
CMR Institute of Technology is a pioneering institute in the field of Engineering Education for the future Engineers, established in the year 2000 under CMR Jnanadhara Trust. It is offering both U.G and P.G courses, more than 2500 students are studying and more than 180 staff are working. The programme is directed towards modernization of Library and Information center, and establishment of mechanism for Information transfer and access to support scholarship learning and academic pursuit.
Many of the institutions started creating the Institutional Repositories by utilizing open sources and to provide open access to the scholarly literature. They are using long term preservation of Information for the future generations in an economical way. The institutions are using variety of open source softwares for archiving like Greenstone, EPrints, DSpace etc. After experimenting the some of the open source softwares, CMRIT is decided opt GNU EPrints for its Institutional Repository.
GNU EPrints is generic software developed by the University of Southampton. It is available freely for download. It is developed under open source standard. Its primary goal is to setup an open archive for Research papers. Information can be stored in images, audio, video and other graphical information but we need do more changes in configuration files.
GNU EPrints can be run on Redhat Linux or Fedora core 5 or higher and on all other Linux distributions also it will run. EPrints 3 can now install on Windows.
EPrints version 2.3.13 is downloaded form the eprints.org and installed on Fedora Core 5 with httpd server. EPrints is customized according to our requirements and created the subject tree. EPrints is accessible through http://10.201.6.158.

< xml="true" ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" prefix="v" namespace="">
Figure 1: Homepage of eprints@cmrit
Browse Items:
Items included in CMRIT Repository are
v Articles or Research reports submitted for publication
v Learning materials , courseware, and Teaching materials
v Conference Papers
v Student Projects
v Theses and Dissertations (Doctoral & Masters)
v Question Papers
Items can be browsed by
v Year of the Publication: Here we can browse according to the year of the publication.
v Subject wise: The arrangement according to the Department wise, here we have created subject tree according to our need i.e.
Subject Areas (Department Wise)
o Bio-Technology
o Chemistry
o Civil Engineering
o Computer Sciences
o Electrical and Electronics Engineering
o Electronics and Communication Engineering
o General
o I & II Semester BE Courses Syllabus - New Revised 2006
o Information Sciences
o Library and Information Science
o Master of Business Administration
o Master of Computer Applications
o Mathematics
o Mechanical Engineering
o Physics
o Question Papers
o Telecommunication Engineering


Figure 2: Browse by Subject

v Person wise (Author): This arrangement is according to the Author wise in alphabetical order.
Search:
Searching of items can be by Simple Search and Advanced Search. In Simple search we can search the items by Title, Full Text, Authors, and Date. Advanced search can be by Full Text, Title, Authors or Creators, Abstract, Uncontrolled Keywords, Subjects, Item Type, Department, Editors, Status, Refereed, Journal, and Date.


Figure 2: Advanced Search

Register:
Depositing of the items can be possible only after registration with the EPrints Repository. As a registered user you will be able to manage the EPrints up to the point of submitting them for Editorial Review. If Editorial review is successful, the EPrint will be deposited in the repository, if it is not successful it will bounce back to user with a comments. If User forgotten the User ID or Password can be changed here.
User Area:
Begin a new item: It will allow to cerate a new item and to attach files. The deposited items will not appear until they have been checked by the responsible person.
Editorial Review: This option allows us to view, edit and approve items which are submitted by the users.
In this page we can also see the un deposited items, pending items, most recently accepted items, review of items in the repository, and also we can change the password.



Figure 3: User Area

Conclusion:
Institutional Repositories are recent development in the field of Open Archive Initiatives. It is contemporary concept that captures and makes available research out put of the institution and it consists of formally organized and managed collection of digital content generated by the faculty, staff, and students of the institution. These are stockholders of digital Information with this we can achieve great success in dissemination of Information to end-users and also we can achieve the sharing of information globally.
References:
Institutional Repository, Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institutional_repository
Barton, Mary R and Waters M Margaret, Creating an Institutional Repository: LEADIRS workbook, MIT Libraries. http://www.dspace.org/implement/leadirs.pdf
EPrints 2.3 Documentation, www.eprints.org
Self-Archiving and Institutional Repositories, SPARC Paper, Europe.
http://www.sparceurope.org/Repositories/
A Guide to Institutional Repository Software, 3rd Edition, August 2004.
http://www.soros.org/openaccess/pdf/OSI_Guide_to_IR_Software_v3.pdf
Patel, Yatrik, Vijayakumar, J.K. Dr. Murthy, T.A.V, Institutional Digital Repositories / e-archives: INFLIBNET initiatives in India.
Published in SALIS 2007 National Conference at Anna University.

Open Access to E – Resources

Open Access to E – Resources

Open Access to E – Resources

Open Access to E – Resources

Open Access to E – Resources

Open Access to E – Resources
Venkatarama Reddy C S
Email: venkat_222002@yahoo.co.in
Introduction:
The Open Access movement is the world wide effort to provide free online access to Scientific and Scholarly research literature, especially peer – reviewed journal articles and their preprints.
Many Libraries, faced with budgetary crunches and the resultant lack of technological resources, have opted for open source solutions to some of their Information technology problems.
Open Access (OA) literature is digital, online, free of charge, and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions.
“Resources those are openly available to users with no requirements for authentication or payment.”
The first OA Initiative is Budapest Open Access Initiative, and it was big initiative in the world (http://www.soros.org/openaccess/index.shtml).
Major E – Resources of Open Access
Open Access Journals
Open Access Journals are primarily electronic journals, these journals allow the authors to retain their copyrights. Three organizations play a major role in the publication and archiving of Open Access Journals, they are BioMed Central, the Public Library of Science (PLoS), and PubMed Central. Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) is an inovative Sceintific Electronic Publishing Cooperative that focuses on providing open access to Latin and Caribbean Journals.
Directory of Open Access Journals (http://www.doaj.org/): It covers free, full text, quality controlled scientific and scholarly journals (2609 journals), and aims to cover all subjects and languages.
Open J–Gate (http://www.openj-gate.com/): It is an electronic gateway to global journals literature in Open Access domain, it is world’s biggest open access English Language Journals portal and it covers more than 3000+ journals.
Open Access Journals in the field of Education (http://aera-cr.asu.edu/ejournals/): American Educational Research Association Special Interest Group has been given the links to peer reviewed electronic Journals in the field of Education.
Free Medical Journals (http://www.freemedicaljournals.com/htm/index.htm): It is maintained by Bernd Sebastian Kamps, around 400 E – Journals are free to access in the field of Medical Sciences.
Indian Journals.com (http://indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx): it is a product of Divan Enterprises to provide single platform to Indian Journals and highlight Indian contributions internationally.
E – Books
E – Book is a electronic book, it is cheaper and easier to produce than a paper book. E – Books can be updated, rewritten, corrected and kept fresh. E – Books will offer a rich learning experience, audio, video, 3D animation and collective learning tools. There are good number of electronic books are available on the internet for free of cost. They are available in most of the subject areas. Some are available for browsing and many titles are for download.
Bartleby.com (http://www.bartleby.com/)
Provides free full text online access to reference, literature and verse books.
Computer Books (http://freecomputerbooks.com/)
It is a free collection of computers and Information Technology related books from all over the world.
Computer and Internet Books Online (http://hogan-productions.com/books/)
This database contains links to free ebooks available online.
Ebrary (http://shop.ebrary.com/)
It holds a collection of e-books on various subjects, here only viewing is free. To browse one has to download their plugin.
Freebooks4doctors (http://fb4d.com/)
FreeBooks4Doctors is dedicated to the promotion of free access to medical books over the Internet. There are good number of titles available on different aspects of medical sciences. It provides links to free of cost e-books available on different sites.
Free online Books (http://onlinesapiens.com/books.html)
It provides links to online full text of educational and technical books. Also provides links to online course, workshops, etc.
Free Programming and Computer Science Books (http://www.techbooksforfree.com/)
Here we can download programming and computer science books for free.
Free Tech Books (http://www.freetechbooks.com/)
It lists free online computer science and engineering books, and also Lecture Notes.
World e-book Library (http://www.netlibrary.net/Public.htm)
It is a global coordinated effort to preserve and disseminate classic works of literature, serials, bibliographies, dictionaries, encyclopedias, and other reference works in a number of languages and countries around the world. Provides free access to collection listed under 'Public'.
For further information on free E – Books is available in the following web address http://www.infolibrarian.com/ebook.htm
Institutional Archives Repositories
Institutional Archives provide access to the world wide literature of one or more fields. An Institutional repository includes a variety of materials produced by scholars such as e-prints, technical reports, theses and dissertations, data sets, teaching materials, e-books, and e-journals etc. Dspace at MIT is a good example of an Institutional Repository (http://dspace.mit.edu/).
Directory of Open Access Repositories (OpenDOAR), it is an directory of Open access repositories of the world. In this directory we can search all the leading repositories of the world.
(http://www.opendoar.org/)
eScholrship Repository (http://repositories.cdlib.org/escholarship/), is a service of the eScholrship initiative of the California Digital Library. The Repository includes the Journals, Seminar Series, Postprints etc.
Some of the important Indian Institutional Repositories
Ø Indian Institute of Astrophysics Repository (DSpace@IIA) (http://prints.iiap.res.in/)
Ø DSpace at Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode (DSpace@IIMK) (http://dspace.iimk.ac.in/ )
Ø Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode Scholarship Repository ( http://eprints.iimk.ac.in/)
Ø Electronic Theses and Dissertations at Indian Institute of Science (http://etd.ncsi.iisc.ernet.in/)
Ø Open Access Repository of IISc Research Publications (http://eprints.iisc.ernet.in/ )
Ø Digital Library at Indian Statistical Institute, Bangalore (ISI Library)http://library.isibang.ac.in:8080/dspace/
Ø Librarians' Digital Library (LDL) (https://drtc.isibang.ac.in/ )
Ø DSpace@INFLIBNET (http://dspace.inflibnet.ac.in/ )
Ø National Aerospace Laboratories Institutional Repository (NAL Repository) (http://nal-ir.nal.res.in/ )
Ø DSpace at National Chemical Laboratory (DSpace@NCL) (http://dspace.ncl.res.in/dspace/ )
Ø OpenMED@NIC (http://openmed.nic.in/)
Ø DRS at National Institute Of Oceanography (DRS@nio) (http://drs.nio.org/)
Ø Dspace@National Institute of Technology, Rourkela (http://dspace.nitrkl.ac.in/dspace/ )
Ø OneWorld South Asia Open Archive Initiative(http://open.ekduniya.net/)
Ø Raman Research Institute Digital Repository (http://dspace.rri.res.in/dspace/ )
Ø University of Delhi (http://eprints.du.ac.in/ )
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD) (http://www.ndltd.org/) is an international organization dedicated to promoting the adoption, creation, use, dissemination and preservation of electronic analogues to the traditional paper-based theses and dissertations.
Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETD) (http://etd.vt.edu/) at Virgina Tech is a cooperative effort between the Graduate School and the University Libraries. Since 1997, there has been a move from paper theses and dissertations to electronic format which is now a requirement for graduation.
Vidyanidhi (http://www.vidyanidhi.org.in/) is a repository for Indian doctoral thesis. At present it provides access to metadata of Indian thesis and dissertations of all the Universities, few full text theses [ETDs] are presently available in its database. It started as a project in 2000 with support from NISSAT, Govt. of India. It welcomes Universities and Researchers to participate in this Programme. The project is based at Dept of Library and Information Science, Mysore University, Mysore, Karnataka.
E Reference Sources
Dictionaries
Dictionary of Difficult Words (http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/dictionaries/difficultwords/)Roget's Internet Thesaurus (http://thesaurus.reference.com/)Cambridge Dictionaries Online (http://dictionary.cambridge.org/)WWWebster Dictionary (http://www.m-w.com/netdict.htm)WordNet (http://wordnet.princeton.edu/main/)Acronym Finder (http://www.acronymfinder.com/)
Rogets Thesaurus (http://asadz.com/thesaurus/)
Encyclopedias
Encyclopedia of the Orient (http://i-cias.com/e.o/index.htm)Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia (http://medlineplus.gov/)Encarta Encyclopedia (http://encarta.msn.com/)Encyclopedia Britannica (http://www.britannica.com/)Encyclopedia (http://www.encyclopedia.com/)Discovery online (http://www.discovery.com/)Tech Encyclopedia (http://www.techweb.com/encyclopedia/)World of Mathematics (http://mathworld.wolfram.com/)News Papers
Online Newspapers.com (http://www.onlinenewspapers.com/) is offering thousands of world newspapers at your fingertips. We can access by country wise.
Maps and Atlases
Rare Maps (http://www.raremaps.com/)Maps and Atlases (http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gmdhtml/gnrlhome.html)MAPS (http://www.mapquest.com/)Freeality Online Atlases, Maps, and Travel Directions (http://www.freeality.com/maps.htm)
Atlas (http://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/world.htm)Geography : Atlases (http://www.adelaide.edu.au/library/guide/gen//Atlases.html)